Internal jugular access using pocket ultradound in simulated medel: comparision between biplane and monoplane visualization techniques

Introducción: El uso de la ecografía en los accesos venosos centrales es el estándar actual por sus ventajas en términos de eficiencia y seguridad. La visualización en plano o fuera de plano son las técnicas utilizadas en la actualidad sin que la evidencia muestre ventaja de una sobre la otra. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la visualización biplano con la técnica en plano y fuera de plano en términos de éxito y tiempo en modelos simulados. Metodología: Se llevo a cabo un experimento simulado en el cual 10 especialistas en medicina de emergencias participaron en 60 eventos simulados, utilizando una aleatorización de la técnica de visualización. Para cada evento de canalización de un modelo simulado para acceso venoso yugular. Los tiempos requeridos se midieron para obtener una ventana optima, visualizar la aguja dentro del vaso y el para el paso adecuado de la guía. Resultados: Se obtuvo un 100% de éxito en la canalización con las 3 técnicas. El éxito en el primero intento fue de 95% para la visualización biplano versus 100% para en plano y fuera de plano. No hubo diferencias significativas en el éxito de canulación, el redireccionamiento de la aguja o la frecuencia de punción de pared posterior de BP comparado con EP y FP. Conclusiones: La visualización biplano con el uso de ecógrafo del bolsillo para la canalización yugular interna en modelos simulados no demostró diferencias significativas al compararlo con las técnicas de visualización en plano y fuera de plano.Introduction: The use of ultrasound in central venous access is the current standard due to its advantages in terms of efficiency and safety. In-plane or out-of-plane visualization are the techniques currently used without evidence showing an advantage of one over the other. The aim of this study is to compare biplane visualization with the in-plane and out-of-plane technique in terms of success and time in simulated models. Methodology: A simulated experiment was conducted in which 10 emergency medicine specialists participated in 60 simulated events, using a randomization visualization technique. For each referral event a simulated model for jugular venous access. The times required were measured to obtain an optimal window, to visualize the needle inside the vessel and for the adequate passage of the guidewire. Results: 100% success was obtained in channeling with the 3 techniques. Success on the first attempt was 95% for biplane viewing versus 100% for in-plane and out-of-plane viewing. There were no significant differences in cannulation success, needle redirection, or posterior wall puncture frequency of BP compared with EP and FP. Conclusions: Biplane visualization with the use of pocket ultrasound for internal jugular cannulation in simulated models did not show significant differences when compared with in-plane and out-of-plane visualization techniques

Learning process and improvement of point-of-care ultrasound technique for subxiphoid visualization of the inferior vena cava

"Background: Medical residents' training in ultrasonography usually follows the recommendations of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), even though these do not provide specific technical guidelines. Adequate training is considered to require 25 practical iterations in the majority of ultrasound procedures. However, the effectiveness of this approach has not been verified experimentally. We set out to determine the number of repetitions required for an acceptable ultrasound procedure of the inferior vena cava (IVC), as an important and emerging ultrasound procedure in cardiology. Methods: Using three human models, each of eight medical residents in the Emergency Medicine (EM) Program at the Universidad del Rosario performed 25 iterations of the recommended procedure, with image quality evaluation by an EM physician expert in the technique. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the lowest number of repetitions required to achieve an adjusted probability of success of 80 and 90 %, respectively. Results: We obtained 200 ultrasound images. The percentage success by each resident ranged from 52 to 96 %. There was no statistical significance in the relation between gender and success (p = 0.83), but there was an association between year of residency and success (p  less than  0.001). The average time taken for each procedure was 17.3 s (SD 8.1); there was no association between the time taken and either repetition number or image quality. We demonstrate that eleven repetitions are required to achieve acceptable image quality in 80 %, and that 21 repetitions are required to achieve acceptable image quality in 90 %. Conclusions: This is the first study to formally evaluate the effectiveness of recommended training in ultrasound techniques. Our findings demonstrate that training comprising 25 procedural repetitions is easily sufficient to achieve optimal image quality, and they also provide empiric knowledge toward elucidating the times and minimum repetitions needed to acquire and improve ultrasonographic technique in novice operators to a level which fulfills quality requirements for interpretation. © 2016, Gómez Betancourt et al.

Learning process and improvement of point-of-care ultrasound technique for subxiphoid visualization of the inferior vena cava

Abstract Background Medical residents' training in ultrasonography usually follows the recommendations of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), even though these do not provide specific technical guidelines. Adequate training is considered to require 25 practical iterations in the majority of ultrasound procedures. However, the effectiveness of this approach has not been verified experimentally. We set out to determine the number of repetitions required for an acceptable ultrasound procedure of the inferior vena cava (IVC), as an important and emerging ultrasound procedure in cardiology. Methods Using three human models, each of eight medical residents in the Emergency Medicine (EM) Program at the Universidad del Rosario performed 25 iterations of the recommended procedure, with image quality evaluation by an EM physician expert in the technique. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the lowest number of repetitions required to achieve an adjusted probability of success of 80 and 90 %, respectively. Results We obtained 200 ultrasound images. The percentage success by each resident ranged from 52 to 96 %. There was no statistical significance in the relation between gender and success (p = 0.83), but there was an association between year of residency and success (p < 0.001). The average time taken for each procedure was 17.3 s (SD 8.1); there was no association between the time taken and either repetition number or image quality. We demonstrate that eleven repetitions are required to achieve acceptable image quality in 80 %, and that 21 repetitions are required to achieve acceptable image quality in 90 %. Conclusions This is the first study to formally evaluate the effectiveness of recommended training in ultrasound techniques. Our findings demonstrate that training comprising 25 procedural repetitions is easily sufficient to achieve optimal image quality, and they also provide empiric knowledge toward elucidating the times and minimum repetitions needed to acquire and improve ultrasonographic technique in novice operators to a level which fulfills quality requirements for interpretation

Aire. Apoyo Integral Respiratorio en Emergencias

El desarrollo de la formación académica en vía aérea difícil concluyó en el texto que se presenta ahora bajo el nombre de AIRE, Apoyo Integral Respiratorio en Emergencias. Este proyecto se inició hace 5 años con el objetivo de desarrollar un curso adquirieran las aptitudes y los conocimientos necesarios para el manejo básico y avanzado de la vía aérea del paciente urgente. Así mismo, respondió a la necesidad creciente de entrenamiento para el manejo avanzado de la vía aérea en el entorno de los servicios de urgencias intra y extra hospitalarias por parte de los médicos generales, especialistas en Medicina de Emergencias, Anestesia, Cirugía General, Medicina Interna, y de todo el personal relacionado con el cuidado del paciente crítico. Fue así como un grupo de conformado por dos emergeciólogos, cuatro residentes de Medicina de Emergencias y una terapeuta respiratoria comenzamos a convertirnos en facilitadores para el aprendizaje de este difícil tema